This section introduces the concept, classification, characteristics and application fields of artificial polycrystalline diamond.
In the more than 30 years since the production of synthetic polycrystalline diamond was put into operation, it has been applied in the following industrial development fields and achieved excellent results.
I. Cutting tools
PCD was first successfully used to manufacture various cutting tools, including turning tools, milling cutters and boring cutters, etc., which are used to process non-metals such as copper and aluminum and their alloys, cemented carbides, as well as non-metallic materials such as carbon, graphite, plastics, rubber, ceramics and fiberglass reinforced plastics. At present, the more widely used is to process extremely wear-resistant silicon-aluminum alloy cylinder pistons with PCD cutting tools. During cutting, the cutting speed can reach up to 100-150m/min, the maximum cutting depth can reach 3-10μm, and the durability of the tool is 100 times that of cemented carbide or 2-5 times that of natural diamond, and it can be intermittently cut. In addition, when turning titanium alloys with PCD turning tools, the durability of PCD tools is 1850 times that of cemented carbide tools.
II. Drawing die
The application of PCD drawing dies began in 1974. Since PCD is a polycrystalline structure with no directional wear, and there are gaps between grains or gaps appear after the binder phase between grains is worn. These gaps just create good conditions for storing lubricating oil during the wire drawing process, resulting in a longer service life of the drawing die than that of natural single crystal diamond dies. In addition, since the hardness of natural diamond is anisotropic and the wear on the (111) plane and the (100) plane is different, single crystal diamond drawing dies are prematurely scrapped due to deformation during use, and the service life is lower than that of PCD.
III. Dressing tools
It is often used to manufacture dressing blocks, dressing pens, etc. Using PCD instead of natural diamond as a dressing tool for grinding wheels, the service life is roughly the same as that of natural single crystal diamond dressing tools.
IV. Petroleum geological drill bits.
The development and experiment of PCD geological coring drill bits began in 1969 and were successfully used in the reamer and gauge protection part of geological drill bits in 1972. The reamer for geological drilling made of PCD has a service life four times that of natural diamond when drilling in sandstone.
V. Twist drills.
After entering the 1980s, the development and application of PCD expanded to the drilling process. One is a twist drill. The drill bit edge is inlaid with a roof-shaped or gable-shaped sandwich PCD, which is used to drill holes in non-metallic materials or alloys such as stone and concrete. The other is a simple pen-like drill bit with a PCD tip. It is used for drilling printed circuit boards. Printed circuit boards are made of multi-layer quartz-polyamide or carbon fiber-polyamide. Tens of thousands of holes need to be drilled on high-density printed circuit boards. Since ordinary drill bits wear out quickly and have a short service life and cannot guarantee accuracy, only PCD drill bits can complete the task. It has now been widely used in the electronics industry.
VI. Woodworking tools.
At the end of the 1970s, the use of PCD cutting tools expanded to the wood field. Since synthetic wood is mostly synthesized from wood debris plus resin or inorganic glue and mineral materials, it is very wear-resistant. In addition, synthetic shredded plywood and plastic veneer are all somewhat abrasive. Therefore, it is very difficult to process with alloy or cemented carbide cutting tools. In addition, the increasing number of processing automatic lines and numerical control machines in the wood industry urgently need a cutting tool with high wear resistance and high production efficiency. The appearance of PCD cutting tools can not only replace cemented carbide cutting tools, but also increase the cutting speed to 2000-3000m/min, the cutting depth can reach 15mm, and the tool life can be extended hundreds of times, thereby improving production efficiency, reducing costs, and improving processing quality at the same time.
VII. Wear-resistant components.
Due to PCD’s extremely high wear resistance and low friction coefficient, it can be used as wear-resistant components, such as the inlaid wear-resistant layer of precision bearings and precision guide rails, the measuring claws and probes of measuring tools, the friction paper feeding wheels in the printing industry, the guide wheels in the textile industry, various molds, nozzles and extruders, etc. In short, PCD can be used in occasions where high service life and high precision are required for the friction parts or contact surfaces of components.
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Henan Yuxing Carbon Material Co.Ltd. is professional manufacturer and supplier of micron and nano industrial diamond powder in the world.Henan Yuxing Carbon Material Co.Ltd. is professional manufacturer and supplier of micron and nano industrial diamond powder in the world.
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